The functional-group hypothesis predicting that a mobile subsurface-deposit feeder would inhibit the recruitment and subsequent development of a more sedentary tubiculous surface-deposit feeder was tested through a series of laboratory and field manipulations

The monitoring of marine benthic communities is based upon their ability to integrate long-term environmental conditions and it is considered an efficient, accurate and useful tool in the detection of pollution effects. However, long-term studies are

The larval development of Polydora giardi is described. Adults occur in burrows found in coralline algae and abalone shells. Sexes are separate. Females deposit eggs in hollow, cylindrical capsules attached to the wall of the tube by filaments. Larvae

Samples were collected from Suez Gulf within the Project of Betrojet petrolum campany 2015. Beside samples collected within the project of Egyptian surface coastal waters of Aqaba and Suez Gulf as well as the Red Sea to study water quality and bacterial