The vertical distribution of radiolarians was investigated by using a closing-type net with 63 μm mesh in the Okhotsk Sea (Station NU'2, near Bussol' Strait) down to 1000 m depth and in the northwestern North Pacific (Oyashio region, Station X) down to

In order to examine the radiolarian fluxes and evaluate their relationship to the physical and biological environments, time-series sediment traps were deployed at three stations (Stations 50N, KNOT, and 40N) in the northwestern North Pacific from 1997

Free-drifting sediment traps were deployed individually to make day-long collections of settling particulates at seven stations in the western North Pacific Ocean. Samples were taken between 70 and 2200 m along a longitudinal section between 16 and 50°N

Simple Summary Phylum Retaria and Phylum Cercozoa consists of the siliceous planktonic organisms, commonly referred to as Radiolarians, were investigated from 200 m depth to the surface in the eastern Indian Ocean (80.00°–96.10° E, 10.08° N–6.00° S) during

Entactinaria, an order of Radiolaria, are defined by a specific skeletal structure called "initial spicular system (ISS)". The oldest entactinarians appeared in the Ordovician period, and the extant species are thought to have survived until today. However,