The undulate ray features a disc-shaped body, triangular in the front and near-circular in the rear, and dermal denticles developed as spines for protection. Median … Meer weergeven

There are few data about biology of this species. Using vertebrae as growth markers, maximum lifespan was supposed to be 21–23 … Meer weergeven

Like other benthonic species of similar size this ray is caught incidentally or intentionally by commercial fisheries using trawls Meer weergeven

During a study it was found that the gonadosomatic index for the females was higher in the winter, which means that this specie … Meer weergeven

This species has a patchy and discontinuous distribution in northeastern Atlantic. It is found from southern Ireland and England to Senegal, and in the western Mediterranean. … Meer weergeven

The ray eats small fish, crustaceans, molluscs and other macrobenthos. Meer weergeven

Because of its late sexual maturity and low rate of population growth, undulate ray is extremely vulnerable to exploitation by fisheries. In the north Atlantic, populations have declined severely from the Irish area, and there are no longer records of catches of this … Meer weergeven