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  1. A polyphyletic group is an assemblage that includes organisms with mixed evolutionary origin but does not include their most recent common ancestor. The term is often applied to groups that share similar features known as homoplasies, which are explained as a result of convergent evolution.
    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyphyly
    In taxonomy, a group is polyphyletic if it consists of clades from multiple separate branches of the tree of life, not forming a complete clade. This classification is often due to phenotypes that have converged or reverted so as to appear to be the same but which have not been inherited from common ancestors.
    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Polyphyletic_groups
    A group whose identifying features evolved convergently in two or more lineages is polyphyletic (Greek πολύς [ polys ], "many"). More broadly, any taxon that is not paraphyletic or monophyletic can be called polyphyletic.
    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paraphyly
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  5. pro·tist
    noun
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    1. a single-celled organism of the kingdom Protista, such as a protozoan or simple alga:
      "protists living in the surface layers of soil"
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