The symptoms include:

• Neck pain and stiffness
• Headache
• Shoulder pain
• Visual problems
• Tinnitus - ringing in the ear
• Dizziness
• Concussion
• Neurologic symptoms- mainly in the arms - numbness, tingling and pain
• Sleep disturbances
• Memory and concentration loss

Common symptoms and their severity as reported by people on Patientslikeme.

• The causes include:
• Sudden forward and backward movement of the neck
• Motor vehicle accidents is the most common cause

• Safe driving
• Strengthening exercise