Obesity can be defined as a major, life-threatening chronic disease that provides detriment to the health and quality-of-life of our modern society [1]. Accumulating evidence suggests that obesity is associated with a dysregulated metabolic and immune

Patients frequently present to the emergency department with various external ear complaints ranging from traumatic injuries (lacerations and avulsions) to auricular collections that require drainage (hematomas and abscesses) and embedded foreign bodies

Background: Recently, three-dimensional (3D) models have been used more frequently than the traditional two-dimensional (2D) models as an intraoperative guide to ease sculpture of costal cartilages in total auricular aesthetic reconstruction in cases