S. clava is a solitary tunicate. Including both the club-shaped body and peduncle, larger specimen of S. clava can … See more

S. clava is a marine invertebrate animal. Adults are entirely sessile, growing attached to hard subtidal substrata as deep as 25 meters (82 ft). They can be found on virtually any hard surface such as rocks, buoys, pilin… See more

Like most tunicates, S. clava is hermaphroditic and produces short-lived pelagic lecithotrophic larvae. They reproduce externally via broadcast spawning, and the reproductive period is highly dependent on sea surfac… See more

S. clava is native to the northwestern waters of the Pacific, particularly the seas and coasts of Japan and Korea, to Siberia, and as far south as the coasts off Shanghai, China. See more

Outside of its native range, S. clava has proven to be an increasingly successful invasive species due to physiological adaptations and environmental tolerances. S. clava's thick tunic, relative to native tunicates, p… See more

• National Introduced Marine Pest Information System of Australia: Leathery Sea Squirt
• National Centre for Aquatic Biodiversity & Biosecurity of New Zealand: Invasive Sea Squirt Fact Sheet… See more