Behaviour research on Cnidaria, particularly Ceriantharia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa), is generally uncommon. Although ceriantharians or tube-dwelling anemones are known to build soft tubes, their tube-building behaviours remain unknown. In this study, we describe

Background Ceriantharia is a subclass of the phylum Cnidaria, which comprises tube-dwelling marine invertebrates. This subclass is composed of three families, including Arachnactidae, with two known genera. Currently, the genus Arachnanthus has five valid

In the context of marine conservation, trawl fishing activity is the most important ecosystem stressor in demersal Mediterranean waters. Limited management measures in bottom trawling have caused deep-sea stocks of the iconic Norway lobster Nephrops norvegicus