The zonal and vertical distribution of radiolarians was studied to document their relationship with their environment in the Equatorial Pacific in January 1999. Vertical plankton tows using a closing-type net with 63 μm mesh were made between the sea

In order to examine the radiolarian fluxes and evaluate their relationship to the physical and biological environments, time-series sediment traps were deployed at three stations (Stations 50N, KNOT, and 40N) in the northwestern North Pacific from 1997

Entactinaria, an order of Radiolaria, are defined by a specific skeletal structure called "initial spicular system (ISS)". The oldest entactinarians appeared in the Ordovician period, and the extant species are thought to have survived until today. However,

Polycystina (~400–800 living species and several thousand extinct forms) and Phaeodaria (~400–500 living species) are exclusively marine, open-ocean planktonic protists, most of which possess elaborate siliceous skeletons. The cytoplasm is divided into

Fluxes of radiolarians were measured at several depths from 50 to 2000 m at 33°N. 139°W with free-floating particle interceptor traps in a series of 3-month collections from October 1986 to May 1988. Fluxes of spumellarians, nassellarians and phaeodarians

Cleve’s material from the Swedish Expedition to Spitsbergen in 1898 has been re-examined and lectotypes and some paralectotypes have been established for three spumellarian species, eight nassellarian species, and three phaeodarian species. In addition,

Is there a mesopelagic protist fauna composed of species different from that of the overlying surface community? Does the mesopelagic community show seasonal changes in abundances and species composition? We addressed these questions by considering 3